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The Council of Constantinople (Ambrose)
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Paul Jang
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2009-12-13 16:21:35, hit : 3,195 |
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The Council of Constantinople (Ambrose)
장부영 2008-11-08 06:17:36, 조회 : 147
(1) Ambrose
1) He was born at Trier in 339 AD whose father was perfect of Gaul(France) and both his parents were Christian.
2) He became a provincial governor in Italy following his father's footstep.
3) He devoted himself wholeheartedly to his new task and became the greatest Wastern Church leader of the fourth century.
4) He fought hard and successfully for the establishment of Nicene orthodoxy.
5) Some previous emperors had been more open to Arian idea. And Ambros let the struggle for a church based firmly on the truth of the deity of Jesus Christ. He was a gifted and popular preacher.
6) He introduced the East the method of allegory. This approach to the Bible, which turned the Old Testament into a 'spiritual' book pleasing to Platonists, paved the way for the conversion of Augustine at Milan.
7) He introduced from the East the newly developed emphasis on the change or conversion of the bread and the wine in the communion service. This is the doctrine of transubstantiation, defined at the Fourth Lateran Council in 1215.
8) He also prepared the ground for Augustine's teaching on the fall and original sin: In Adam, now I was cast out of Paradise, in Adam I died...guilty as I was in Adam, now I am justified in Christ'
9) He established important principles of the independence of the church and the duties of the Christian ruler, which were to be developed in the Middle Ages. Three major conflicts which the court illustrate these principles.
① Pagan altar and statue of Victory had been removed from the Senate house at Rome
② In 385 and 386 there were attempts by the imperial court to force Ambrose to hand over a church building for the use of non-Nicene. Ambrose refused. The things of God are to be rendered to God, not Caesar, and this includes church buildings.
③ In 390, the emperor Theodosius, who had called the Council of Constantinople in 381, ordered a particularly brutal massacre of thousands of citizens at Thessalonica, following a riot there. He accepted Ambrose's rebuke and future relations between them were cordial. Ambrose died in 397 AD.
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Introduction
History 